PERAN KARTU INDONESIA SEHAT SEBAGAI JAMINAN KESEHATAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK SOSIAL BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 1945

Abstract

Health is a fundamental human right guaranteed by the Indonesian Constitution, as stipulated in Article 28H paragraph (1) and Article 34 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution. In an effort to realize this guarantee, the Indonesian government launched the Indonesia Health Card (Kartu Indonesia Sehat or KIS) program as part of the National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN). This program aims to provide equitable and affordable access to healthcare services, especially for the poor and vulnerable populations. This study aims to analyze the role of KIS in ensuring the right to health and to identify the challenges faced in its implementation. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with statutory and conceptual approaches, relying on secondary data from relevant literature and legal regulations. The findings indicate that KIS represents a tangible implementation of the welfare state principle and the protection of citizens' social rights. However, its implementation still encounters various challenges, both internal such as budget limitations, inadequate infrastructure, and human resource quality and external, such as low public literacy and restrictive policy frameworks. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen policies, ensure equitable access to healthcare services, improve public education, and modernize information systems in order to realize the right to health fairly and equitably for all Indonesian citizens.

Keywords: Indonesia Health Card (KIS), social rights, right to health, welfare state, social security.